2010/08/02

This Day in History August 2… 歷史上的今天8月2日

On this date in 1990, an invasion took place that is still being dealt with in modern times. The Iraqi government, led by the dictator Saddam Hussein, accused Kuwait of smuggling oil, and thereupon invaded its borders. However, some people think there were other reasons. Within two days, the Iraqi forces had overtaken Kuwait's army, and Kuwait was subsequently declared the 19th province of Iraq. This takeover got the attention of the UN and the US and six months later, shots were fired in the First Persian Gulf War.
1990年的今天發 生了一起侵略行動,至今仍餘波蕩漾。由獨裁者薩達姆.海珊所領導的伊拉克政府,指控科威特偷運石油,因此入侵科威特邊境。然而,有些人認為這項侵略行動背 後尚有其他因素。短短兩天內,伊拉克軍隊就擊敗科威特的陸軍,接著便宣布科威特為伊拉克的第19個行省。這項接收行動受到聯合國和美國關注,6個月後,第 一次波灣戰爭就此爆發。

知識大補帖

第一次世界大戰前,科威特是伊拉克(當時隸屬於奧斯曼土耳其帝國)的一個 自治省分。第一次世界大戰期間,英國佔領科威特並促使其獨立,但伊拉克始終沒有承認科威特的獨立。1980年代兩伊戰爭(the Iran-Iraq War)期間,伊拉克欠下高額外債,其中欠科威特的債務為140億美元。伊拉克希望石油輸出國組織(OPEC)能減少石油產量,以提高石油價格,這樣伊拉 克也可以藉此償債。但科威特卻反其道而行,提高其產量而造成油價下降,希望以此來迫使伊拉克解決雙方在邊境上的爭執。最後再加上伊拉克認為科威特的戰略位 置有其重要性,於是便揮兵佔領科威特(圖為兩伊戰爭情形,資料照片)。

單字片語

◎invasion
n.入侵,侵略
.invade vt.入侵,侵略
例:The Great Wall of China was built to prevent invasions from the north.
(中國的萬里長城是建來抵禦來自北方的入侵。)
◎take place
發生
◎deal with...
處理……;應付……
◎dictator
n.獨裁者
◎accuse sb of...
控告╱指責某人犯下……
◎smuggle
vt.偷運;走私
例:Al got caught trying to smuggle a rare bird through customs.
(艾爾試圖偷渡一隻稀有鳥類通過海關時被逮個正著。)
◎thereupon
adv.因此
◎border
n.邊境
◎overtake
vt.制伏
◎subsequently
adv.接著;後來
◎declare
vt.宣布,宣告
例:Mr. Ford's company was declared bankrupt in court.
(福特先生的公司在法院被宣告破產。)
◎province
n.省
◎takeover
n.接收,接管

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