Forget the girlfriends or wives, it’s the pushy mums who drive their sons to success 忘了女友、老婆吧，是積極進取的老媽驅使她們的兒子成功

 ◎管淑平
Forget the girlfriends or wives, it’s the pushy mums who drive their sons to success
忘了女友、老婆吧，是積極進取的老媽驅使她們的兒子成功
Behind every great man there is a great woman. But it’s far more likely to be his pushy mother than his partner driving him on, according to scientists.
每個偉大男人的背後都有個偉大的女人。但那個在驅使著他的人，是他積極進取的媽媽的可能性，遠大於他的另一半，根據科學家說法。
The finding will ring true for men who have been egged on to do better in life by their domineering mothers.
這項發現將會對那些一直被他們喜歡支配人的媽媽激勵著人生要更上層樓的男人來說，聽來頗有道理。
In climbing the ladder of success, it is the men who have their mothers backing them from the sidelines who do better, a study suggests.
在攀爬成功的階梯上，那些有媽媽從旁邊支持的男人表現得比較好，一份研究認為。
German scientists drew the conclusions after observing bonobo communities. As with humans, successful male bonobos are more attractive to females, they found. But to be successful male apes have to rise through their community hierarchy, which can involve winning battles with higher-ranking males to see off more dominant rivals.
德國科學家在觀察矮黑猩猩群體後得出這個結論。就像人類，成功的公猩猩比較能吸引母猩猩，他們發現。但要成為成功的公猩猩，就得在群體中崛起，這就包括可能要贏過地位較高的公猩猩，來趕走更有主宰地位的對手。
The males who won these battles were more likely to be the ones who were backed from the wings by pushy mothers, experts at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology found.
那些有積極的媽媽在身旁力挺的公猩猩，比較可能在這些爭鬥中勝出，馬克斯蒲朗克進化人類學研究所的專家發現。
◎新聞辭典：
ring true：動詞，聽起來像真的、聽起來有道理。例句：I don’t think that your excuse for the mistake you made rang true.（我不認為你對於你所犯錯誤的理由聽起來有道理。）
egg on：動詞片語，激勵、慫恿去做某事。例句：He was egged on to drink more than he can handle.（他被勸酒喝到酒力不勝負荷。）
see off：動詞片語，送行，趕走。例句：My parents saw me off at the airport.（我父母到機場為我送行。）