2010/07/04

This Day in History July 4… 歷史上的今天 7月4日

Fireworks, cookouts, and parades. It must be Independence Day, commonly called the Fourth of July in the US. On this date in 1776, the original 13 colonies of the US declared independence from Britain. This was also the day the colonies’ government adopted the Declaration of Independence. Americans celebrate this national holiday with food, fun, and flags. They take time to remember their history as well as the people of the past because the freedom they know today had to be fought for.
煙火、野炊還有遊 行,這一定是美國獨立紀念日,在美國常以the Fourth of July稱之。在1776年的今天,美國最初的13個殖民地宣布脫離英國獨立,而殖民地政府也在這天通過《美國獨立宣言》。美國人用食物、歡樂和旗幟來慶 祝這個國慶日(圖,網路照片)。他們花時間來紀念屬於他們的歷史以及過往的人們,因為他們今日所享有的自由是必須經由奮鬥而得來的。

單字片語

˙Fireworks
n.煙火(恆用複數)
set off fireworks放煙火
˙cookout
n. 野炊;野餐(聚會)
˙commonly
adv.普遍地,一般地
˙例:Albert Einstein is commonly regarded as one of the greatest scientists ever.(愛因斯坦普遍被視為有史以來最偉大的科學家之一。)
˙colony
n.殖民地
colonistn.殖民者
˙declare
vt. 宣布,宣告
declarationn.宣言;聲明
˙adopt
vt.正式通過(法案等)
˙例:The legislators adopted the new law after a two-month debate.(經過兩個月的辯論後,立法委員通過了那條新法律。)

2010/07/03

Nuns set up massage service 修女推出馬殺雞服務

◎陳成良
A group of nuns have set up a massage service as a new way of making ends meet after their chicken breeding business fell flat.
一群修女在她們的養雞事業徹底失敗後,成立了按摩服務,作為一種新的收支平衡之 道。
The sisters at Marienkron Abbey in Monchhof, Austria, are reportedly making a fortune after converting their convent into a health spa.
據報導,奧地利蒙切夫「馬里恩克隆修道院」的修女們,將她們的修道院改裝成一家健康SPA後,大賺一筆。
The five star spa offers therapies with high pressure jets of mineral water, massage, and fitness classes with an expert chi kung Chinese breathing exercises.
這家5星級的SPA提供高壓噴射礦泉水治療、按摩以及一項中式專家級氣功吐納運動的健身課程。
Guests are pummeled with high pressure hoses of chilled mineral waters to stimulate the skin.
顧客受到水龍頭噴出的冷卻高壓礦泉水沖擊,以激活肌膚。
The Sisters of the Cistercian Order say the ice cold water treatments are good for the body and the soul and charge £100 a night for a break in the spa.
這 群隸屬「嚴規熙篤隱修會」的修女們表示,這種冰涼水療法對身體及心靈都有益處,在這家SPA待一夜,收費100英鎊。
新聞辭典
make ends meet:片語,維持家計、收支平衡。make ends meet逐字翻譯是「讓兩端相觸」,「兩端」其實是指「收入」和「開支」,而這裡的“meet”其實就是指「讓它們平衡」。例句: Making ends meet for her family wore the single mother down.(那位單身母親辛苦維持家計,導致健康衰退。)
fall flat:片語,(直挺挺地)臉朝下倒下;(徹底)失敗。例句:The project which he has worked for a whole year eventually fell flat.(他努力了一整年的計畫最終還是徹底失敗了。)
make a fortune:片語,發大財;致富。例句: Capitalists use laborers’ surplus value to make a fortune.(資本家利用勞工的剩餘價值致富。)

This Day in History July 3… 歷史上的今天 7月3日

In 2004, a new government took control of Spain. One of its goals was to make same-sex marriages legal. In 2005, the Spanish parliament passed a law allowing same-sex marriage. It also allowed gay couples to adopt children. On this date in 2005, they all became legal. By doing so, Spain became the third country in the world to pass this kind of law. Only the Netherlands and Belgium had already put this policy into practice. In the first year after the law was passed, nearly 4,500 gay couples got married in Spain.
2004年,西班牙 換了一個新政府來主事,這個新政府的目標之一便是要使同性婚姻合法化。2005年,西班牙議會通過允許同性婚姻的法案,同時也准許同性伴侶領養孩童。 2005年的今天,這一切都成為合法。西班牙因此成為世界上第3個通過這類法案的國家。在這之前,僅有荷蘭及比利時將這項政策付諸實行。在法案通過的頭一 年,西班牙有將近4千5百對同性伴侶結婚。

單字片語

●take control of... 掌控……
例:Tracy is superstitious and always thinks fate has taken control of her life.(崔西很迷信,老覺得命運主宰了她的生命。)
●same-sex a.同性別的
opposite-sex a.不同性別的
●parliament n.議會,國會
●allow sb/sth to V 允許某人/某事物(做)……
例:My father allowed me to stay out late and celebrate my birthday with my friends.(我爸爸允許我晚歸在外面和朋友慶祝我的生日。)
●couple n.伴侶,情侶;夫妻
●adopt vt.領養,認養
例:Mr. and Mrs. Smith have been considering adopting a child for years.(史密斯夫婦想認養小孩好幾年了。)

知識大補帖

荷蘭於2001年成為第一個允許同性伴侶登記並認可其婚姻有效性的國家, 至今全球已有8國家、美國5州、墨西哥首都及華盛頓特區等,先後承認同性婚姻的權利並准予註冊。按時間順序分別為:荷蘭(Netherlands)、比利 時(Belgium)、麻薩諸塞州(Massachusetts)、西班牙(Spain)(圖為女同志慶祝婚姻合法,資料照片)、加拿大 (Canada)、南非(South Africa)、康乃狄克州(Connecticut)、挪威(Norway)、愛荷華州(Iowa)、瑞典(Sweden)、佛蒙特州 (Vermont)、新罕布夏州(New Hampshire)、華盛頓特區(Washington, DC)、墨西哥城(Mexico City)及葡萄牙(Portugal)。

2010/07/02

Japan town bans public servants from growing beards 日本城鎮禁止公務員蓄鬍

 ◎張沛元
Anyone sporting a bushy crop of facial hair need not apply for a municipal service job in the Japanese town of Isesaki -- its local government on Wednesday banned employees from growing beards.
任何以蓄留茂密臉部毛髮為樂者,就不必自找麻煩向日本城市伊勢崎應徵當公務 員了──當地政府週三禁止雇員蓄鬍。
"We have decided to ban our workers from growing a beard as we have received complaints saying they are unpleasant," Osamu Kigure, an official of the city in Gunma prefecture north of Tokyo, told AFP.
「我們已經決定禁止我們的工作人員蓄鬍,因為我們接獲許多認為鬍子讓人覺得不舒服的投訴,」這個位於群馬 縣的城市的官員木暮修告訴法新社。
It was announced as part of annual ’Cool Biz’ casual office dress rules, which allow male staff to work without jackets and ties in summer in order to cut down on air-conditioning and reduce global warming.
該禁令是年度「酷斃裝」辦公室衣著規定的一部分。「酷斃裝」允許男性工作人員在夏天上班時不 必穿西裝外套與打領帶,以便降低冷氣使用與減少全球暖化。
"Although people tend to accept beards these days, officials should look like the public servants they are. That’s our idea," the official said, adding that the prohibition covers all kinds of whiskers and facial stubble.
「儘管如今民眾傾向接受鬍鬚,但官員就應該有公僕的 樣子。這是我們的想法,」木暮說,他並補充該禁令涵蓋所有形式的鬚與髮髯。
新聞辭典
ban something from:慣用語,禁止某人做某事或進入某地。例句:Everyone has been banned from smoking.(所有人都被禁止吸菸。)
bushy:形容詞,灌木茂密的;多毛的。bush,名詞,灌木叢。例句:That squirrel is so cute! Look at that bushy tail!(那隻松鼠好可愛啊!你瞧那毛吱吱的尾巴!)
cut down on:片語,減少。例句:Doctors advised him to cut down on the amount of fat and sodium in his diet.(醫生建議他減少飲食中的脂肪與鈉的攝取量。)

This Day in History July 2…歷史上的今天 7月2日…

Music was what was happening on this date in 2005. Concerts took place in South Africa, Italy, the UK, the US, France, Russia, Canada, Japan, and Germany. The event was called Live 8, and the money raised from the concerts all went to help stop poverty. The governments of almost all the countries involved also promised to donate more money to the cause every year. Over half of the money would go on to help the poor in African countries. The event's biggest achievement was getting the 10 concerts held in different countries all at the same time. It is amazing what people can do when they work together to help the world.

歷史上的今天 7月2日…

2005年的今天,音樂是這天的重頭戲。在南非、義大利、英國、美國、法國、俄國、加拿大、日本和德國都舉行 了演唱會。這個活動稱為Live 8,從這些演唱會所募得的款項全都捐出來幫助遏止貧困。幾乎每個參與這場盛會的國家政府也承諾每年爲這個理念捐出更多錢。超過一半的募款用來幫助非洲國家 的貧民。這項活動最大的成就在於讓10場演唱會於不同的國家同時舉行。當人們齊心出力幫助世界,成果是相當驚人的。

知識大補帖

2005年Live 8 演唱會(圖,網路照片)的籌辦者巴布.傑朵夫(Bob Geldof)曾是Live Aid(四海一家)的創始者之一。Live Aid是1985年7月為非洲伊索比亞(Ethiopia)難民募款的慈善演唱活動,在英國倫敦及美國費城同步舉行。而在舉辦Live Aid的20年後,Live 8以「讓貧窮成為歷史」(Make Poverty History)為號召口號,在八大工業國(G8)以及南非同步開唱,喚醒大眾對貧窮的關注。

單字片語

◎raise
vt.募集
例:Members of the school band raised money for their trip to New York City.(學校樂團的隊員為他們的紐約之行籌款。)
◎poverty
n. 貧困,貧窮
◎involve
vt.使參與;使捲入,使牽連
be involved in...涉入……
例:The evidence showed that Gary was involved in the robbery.(證據顯示蓋瑞涉入這起搶案。)
◎donate
vt. 捐獻,捐贈
例:The man that won the lottery decided to donate a million dollars to charity.(這名中樂透的男子決定捐100萬元給慈善機構。)
◎cause
n.目標,理想
◎achievement
n. 成就;完成

2010/07/01

Test to predict menopause age a step nearer 預知更年期年齡的測試向前邁進一步

 ◎國際新聞中心
Doctors are a step closer to accurately predicting the age at which a woman will hit the menopause. A 12-year Iranian study of 266 women found it was possible to pinpoint the age of menopause by measuring levels of a hormone called AMH.
科學家朝著正確預知一名女性何時會到更年期的年齡向前邁進了一步。伊朗一份持續12年、針對266名女性的研究發現,有可能透過測 量AMH荷爾蒙值,來得知更年期的年齡。
If proven in further studies, it potentially means women could have more control over when to start a family.It could be particularly useful for identifying women who may have an early menopause, experts said.
如果在未來的研究中獲得證實,這可能意味女性將更能控制要在何時成家,專家說,這對於鑑 別可能較早進入更年期的女性特別有用處。
The idea of using the hormone to help predict fertility is not a new one.Tests are already available to look at "ovarian reserve", which indicates if menopause is imminent. But this is the first time researchers have worked out a formula for linking AMH levels in younger women with future age of menopause.
藉著荷爾蒙預測生殖能力的 想法並不新,目前已有可以研究「卵巢儲量」、了解更年期何時逼近的測試,但這是研究人員首度找出較年輕女性AMH多寡與更年期年齡關聯的方程式。
In the study 266 women aged between 20 and 49 were monitored through blood samples and physical examinations at three-yearly intervals over a 12-year period.
這項針對266名20到49歲女性的研究,在12年期間,每3年一次透過血液樣本與身體檢查,對她們進行觀 察。
The researchers, who presented the results at the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology conference in Rome, then worked out a mathematical model for estimating the age at menopause from AMH levels in the blood.
研究人員在羅馬舉行的歐洲人類繁殖與胚胎學研討會上發表這份結果,他們接著從血液中 的AMH,得出估計更年期年齡的數學模型。
新聞辭典
hit: 動詞,抵達。例句:If we turn left at the next junction, we should hit the main road after five miles or so.(如果我們在下一個路口左轉,我們會在五英里之後到主要幹道上。)
imminent: 形容詞,逼近的。例句:A strike is imminent.(罷工迫在眼前。)
interval:名詞,間隔。例句:We see each other at regular intervals - usually about once a month.(我們固定見面,通常一個月一次。)

This Day in History July 1…

Hong Kong is known for many things. One of them is its important place in history. After the Opium Wars between the UK and China, Hong Kong was handed over to the UK. For 156 years, Hong Kong was a British colony. Although it was connected to the UK, Hong Kong grew and developed on its own as well. On this date in 1997, with grand ceremonies and many worries, Hong Kong was handed back to China. Many changes took place afterwards. However, the people of Hong Kong adjusted, and it is still one of the most successful areas of the world today.

歷史上的今天 7月1日…

香港以許多事物著稱,其中一項便是她在歷史上的重要地位。中國和英國打完鴉片戰爭後,香港就割讓給英 國,成為英國的殖民地長達156年。雖然和英國的關係密切,但香港也靠著自己的力量成長、發展。1997年的今天,香港在盛大的慶典與眾人的擔憂中回歸中 國。之後,香港經歷許多改變。然而,香港的民眾適應得很快,這顆「東方之珠」至今仍是世上最繁華的地區之ㄧ。

知識大補帖

第一次鴉片戰爭戰敗後,清朝於1842年簽訂《南京條約》(Treaty of Nanking),將香港島割讓給英國;1860年清朝於第二次鴉片戰爭中再度戰敗,簽訂《北京條約》(Convention of Peking),將九龍半島界限街(Boundary Street)以南割讓給英國。1898年,再與英國簽訂《展拓香港界址專條》,租借新界長達99年,至1997年6月30日期滿。雖然《南京條約》和 《北京條約》明文寫道香港島與九龍永久割讓給英國,但中國拒絕承認所有相關條約,只承認香港受英國管理,而非英國屬地。有鑑於香港島、九龍地區的水源、食 物、物資等多由新界或中國供應,加上殖民地的軍費支出龐大,英國決定交還香港主權,於是雙方於1984年簽訂《中英聯合聲明》,決定自1997年7月1日 起,由中國對上述三區行使主權(圖為香港施放煙火慶祝回歸十周年,資料照片)。

單字片語

◎opium n. 鴉片
◎colony n. 殖民地
例:New York City was originally a Dutch colony.(紐約市原本是荷蘭的殖民地。)
◎be connected to... 和……有關係;與……聯想在一起
例:Bullfighting is usually connected to Spain in people’s minds.(鬥牛和西班牙常被人聯想在一起。)
◎adjust vi. & vt.(使)適應
例:I’m having a hard time adjusting to the climate here.(我很難適應這裡的氣候。)